Indonesia

Country indicators

GDP per capita - gross domestic product divided by midyear population. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. (Source: World Bank)

GDP per capita
(USD):

4,312.35

Fossil fuel subsidies (USD, billions) - All consumer and producer pre-tax subsidies. Pre-tax consumer subsidies exist when energy consumers pay prices that are below the costs incurred to supply them with this energy. (Source: IMF)

Fossil fuel subsidies (USD, billions):

26.22

Fossil Fuel Subsidies as % of GDP - All consumer and producer pre-tax subsidies as percent of a country’s GDP. (Source: IMF)

Fossil fuel subsidies
(% of GDP):

2.59

Fossil Fuel Subsidies with externalities as % of GDP - All consumer and producer post-tax subsidies. Post-tax consumer subsidies exist if consumer prices for energy are below supply costs plus the efficient levels of taxation. (Source: IMF)

Fossil fuel subsidies with externalities (% of GDP):

12.95

Revenue from environmentally related taxes as % of GDP - All revenue from environmentally related taxes - defined as any compulsory, unrequited payment to general government levied on tax-bases deemed to be of particular environmental relevance – as percent of a country’s GDP. (Source: OECD)

Revenue from environmentally related taxes (% of GDP):

n/a

Carbon pricing gap - Measure of how much countries fall short of pricing carbon emissions in line with a EUR 60 benchmark value (midpoint estimate of the carbon costs in 2020 and a low-end estimate for 2030). The difference is presented as percentage: If the Effective Carbon Rate (ECR) on all emissions is at least as high as the benchmark, the gap is zero, and if the ECR is zero throughout, the gap is 100%. (Source: OECD)

Carbon Pricing Gap
(%):

News

Malaysia to have 1,000 EV charging stations by 2025

2021-09-16

Malaysia is lagging behind its regional peers when it comes to AC charging stations and DC fast-charging stations and the lack of incentives is to blame. The country now aims to have 1,000 DC rapid charging stations in the next four years.

Southeast Asia could lose $28 trillion if it fails to act fast on climate change, report finds

2021-09-07

Southeast Asia’s economy is set to lose trillions over the next 50 years if it does not significantly reduce its carbon emissions, a Deloitte report found.

How Asean’s Covid-19 recovery measures are missing opportunities for a green future

2021-07-26

Few countries in the region have tied green components to their stimulus packages, which contain some environmentally harmful measures. Green recovery policies and strategies can help put a country on the path to economic recovery while bringing environmental and sustainability benefits.

Reports

Supporting Marine Fishing Sustainably: A review of central and provincial government support for marine fisheries in Indonesia (IISD)

2021-08-27

This report provides—for the first time—an open-access database of support measures for marine fisheries by the Indonesian central government and three provincial governments.

Switching it up: The effect of energy price reforms in Oman

2021-04-26

Fresh UNIDO-led research in collaboration with the World Bank provides concrete evidence that removing fossil fuel subsidies would not only make environmental sense but would also improve firms’ economic performance. New firm-level

UNEP study on fiscal policies to address air pollution from road transport in cities and improve health: Insights from country experiences and lessons for Indonesia

2020-08-19

There is growing awareness of the negative health impacts of air pollution caused by road transport in many emerging economies such as Indonesia. Governments face increasing pressure to limit harmful

Policy Briefs

Leveraging fiscal stimulus to improve energy transition: Case of South Korea and Indonesia

2021-06-11

Strict lockdowns across the globe in response to the COVID-19 crisis have led to severe economic consequences. Compared to 2019, the global GDP in 2020 fell by 4.3 %, the

Fuelling the Recovery: How India’s path from fuel subsidies to taxes can help Indonesia

2021-06-11

Over the past decade, India transitioned from high transport fuel subsidies to relatively high taxes, delivering significant revenue that most recently have funded the country’s COVID-19 response. Indonesia’s transport fuel

UNEP Policy Brief – Fiscal Policies To Address Air Pollution From Road Transport In Cities And Improve Health: Insights From Country Experiences And Lessons For Indonesia

2020-09-08

This policy brief aims to summarise and support recent efforts of the Indonesian and DKI Jakarta government to reduce air pollution. It analyses the impact of harmful pollution from the

Indonesia

Country indicators

News

Malaysia to have 1,000 EV charging stations by 2025

Southeast Asia could lose $28 trillion if it fails to act fast on climate change, report finds

How Asean’s Covid-19 recovery measures are missing opportunities for a green future

Reports

Supporting Marine Fishing Sustainably: A review of central and provincial government support for marine fisheries in Indonesia (IISD)

Switching it up: The effect of energy price reforms in Oman

UNEP study on fiscal policies to address air pollution from road transport in cities and improve health: Insights from country experiences and lessons for Indonesia

Policy Briefs

Leveraging fiscal stimulus to improve energy transition: Case of South Korea and Indonesia

Fuelling the Recovery: How India’s path from fuel subsidies to taxes can help Indonesia

UNEP Policy Brief – Fiscal Policies To Address Air Pollution From Road Transport In Cities And Improve Health: Insights From Country Experiences And Lessons For Indonesia

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