This report by the Institute for European Environmental Policy (IEEP) and partners provides an assessment of a number of novel economic instruments – ecological fiscal transfers (EFT), tax reliefs, marketed products, and fees and charges – that could be further mainstreamed to support the future financing framework for biodiversity in the EU. The case studies present an overview of those EU Member States which have already implemented such instruments and provide a detailed assessment of some of the most successful examples. The report is available to download on the IEEP website.